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| 1960 |
| | | The South West Africa People's Organization is founded to fight against South African control of Namibia | |
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| 1960 |
| | | The French colony of Dahomey (known from 1975 as Benin) becomes independent but suffers six military coups in its first twelve years | |
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| 1960 |
| | | Niger becomes independent, with Hamani Diori as the new nation's first president | |
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| 1960 |
| | | The French colony of Upper Volta becomes independent as Burkina Faso, with Maurice Yaméogo as president | |
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| 1960 |
| | | Félix Houphouët-Boigny, first president of the newly independent Ivory Coast, begins thirty-three years of relatively peaceful rule | |
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| 1960 |
| | | The French colony of Senegal becomes independent, with Léopold Senghor as the new nation's first president | |
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| 1960 |
| | | Nigeria wins independence, with Abubakar Tafawa Balewa as prime minister, but its stability is threatened by tribal and regional factions | |
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| 1960 |
| | | The French colony of Mauritania becomes independent, with Moktar Ould Daddah as president | |
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| 1961 |
| | | Former British colony Sierra Leone becomes an independent state within the Commonwealth | |
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| 1961 |
| | | The southern part of the British Cameroons votes to merge with Cameroun, becoming the federal republic of Cameroon | |
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